I doubt there is any encoder that is much faster than HuffYUV, except uncompressed
But with uncompressed video your HDD will quickly become the bottleneck!
You could try x264 with absolute fastest settings. Try Subme=0, disable CABAC, uncheck all partitions and select "diamond" search.
It can be REALLY fast then. If you can live with lossy compression, try CQP mode with CQP > 0 (e.g. CQP = 22).
Also MPEG-1 may be worth a try, speed-wise at least...
And please define "bad quality" for ffdshow. The ffdshow VfW part should work just like any other VfW encoder.